Books

  1. Strength in What Remains” by Tracy Kidder (Biography)
  2. “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, and the Collision of Two Cultures” by Anne Fadiman (Nonfiction)
  3. “What is the What” by Dave Egger (Fiction)

Data Sources, FAQs 

  1. Frequently Requested Statistics on Immigrants and Immigration in the United States | Migration Policy Institute
  2. Language Characteristics of North Carolina’s Population | NC OSBM
  3. Frequently Asked Questions on Legal Requirements to Provide Language Access Services | Migration Policy Institute

Blogs, Newspaper Articles

  1. 2020 Neighborhood Support Circles Help Refugee Students Through Remote Learning | IndyWeek
  2. 2021CHCCS and community organizations support families facing language barriers | The Daily Tar Heel
  3. 2023 Stitching Hope: Student Project Brings Healing to Displaced Afghan Women | UNC Carolina Center for Public Service
  4. 2024 Community Organizations and Medical Professionals Collaborate to Improve Language Accessibility in Health Care | Exploring Health 

Research Articles 

  1. 2007 Language differences as a barrier to quality and safety in health care: the Joint Commission perspective – PubMed
  2. 2015 Experiences of Latinos with limited English proficiency with patient registration systems and their interactions with clinic front office staff: an exploratory study to inform community-based translational research in North Carolina
  3. 2016 The Association Between Limited English Proficiency and Unplanned Emergency Department Revisit Within 72 Hours – PubMed
  4. 2020 Implications of Language Barriers for Healthcare: A Systematic Review – PMC
  5. 2020 Language Assistance for the Care of Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Patients in the Emergency Department: A Survey of Providers and Staff – PubMed
  6. 2021 Association of limited English proficiency and increased pediatric emergency department revisits – PubMed
  7. 2023 Addressing Linguistic Disparities Begins with Language Data Collection – PMC
  8. 2013 Language affects length of stay in emergency departments in Queensland public hospitals – PMC
  9. 2012 Immigrants and the utilization of hospital emergency departments – PMC
  10. 2018 Use of Interpreter Services in the Emergency Department – ScienceDirect
  11. 2019 Improving Health by Engaging Refugees in Denver: This study examined health priorities for refugees in the Denver area, with language barrier being a top health priority
  12. 2020 Examining Health Care Access for Refugee Children and Families in the North Carolina Triangle Area 
  13. 2024 Language Access for AAPI in NC_NCAAT.pdf
  14. Razai & Oakeshott (2023): Post-pandemic review explores immigrant ED utilization patterns, directly informing your focus on refugees and migrants in non-emergency settings. Immigrants and the utilization of hospital emergency departments
  15. Esmaili & Jenkins (2021): Afghan refugees’ struggles with NC’s healthcare system, providing specific, actionable insights for your study. Afghan refugees in NC face a challenging healthcare system
  16. UNC Health (2024): Case study details UNC Health’s strategies to improve access for refugees and migrants, offering examples of effective initiatives. UNC health care case study | Hyland
  17. NC DHHS (2024): Outlines health disparities in NC, providing critical context on systemic inequities impacting refugee and migrant healthcare access. NCDHHS Releases New Health Disparities Analysis Report
  18. Office of Civil Rights, HHS (2024): This guidance document explains federal language access requirements, essential for understanding policies serving non-English-speaking patients. HHS Office for Civil Rights Issues Letter to Health Care Officials to Clarify Civil Rights Language Access Requirements | HHS.gov | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights LANGUAGE ACCESS PLAN 2024
  19. Karliner et al. (2023): Demonstrates the cost savings and improved outcomes from professional interpretation services, supporting arguments for enhanced language access in healthcare. Bridging the Language Gap in Healthcare: Implementing a Qualified Medical Interpreter Program for Lesser-Spoken Languages – PMC
  20. Sylvia E Twersky et al. (2024): The Impact of Limited English Proficiency on Healthcare Access and Outcomes in the U.S.: A Scoping Review 
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Toolkits, Guidelines

  1. 2020 WHO Migration and health: enhancing intercultural competence and diversity sensitivity
  2. Atena Aire’s How to Build Language Justice